Dados do Trabalho

Título

Temporal association of Guillain-Barré Syndrome with COVID-19 vaccination

Resumo

Introduction: Guillain-Barré Syndrome(GBS) is an acquired autoimmune disorder in which nerves myelin sheath is lost, especially the peripheral ones, leading to varying degrees of progressive and ascending motor weakness. The trigger is usually associated with respiratory and gastrointestinal infections, and, rarely, immunization.
Objectives: To report a possible association of Guillain-Barre Syndrome to COVID vaccination.
Methods: Description of 7 cases with post-vaccinal acute polyradiculoneurophaty.
Results:
In our series of seven cases of post-vaccinal COVID GBS, we observed no gender disparities, 3 males and 4 females, in an age range of 18-50 years old. All vaccines were ChAdOx1-S[recombinant], with 6 patients presenting symptoms after first dose and 1 patient after second dose. One patient had had H1N1 vaccine a week before the sars-cov-2 vaccine first dose. Ascending paraparesia began 15 days post vaccine, evolving to tetraparesia in 6 patients. Two patients had respiratory insufficiency, needing mechanical ventilation. All patients had celular-proteic dissociation in CSF analysis, with proteinorraquia ranging from 92mg/d to 578mg/dl. Electroneuromyography showed a demyelinating pattern in five cases, but 3 were associated with secondary axonal degeneration.Other two patients showed an axonal pattern.
Conclusion:
The described cases had a temporal association of GBS with ChAdOx1-S[recombinant] vaccination. In literature, the interval between trigger and symptoms can vary, with some studies reporting 6 weeks onset after exposure.In our series of cases, mean time of symptoms onset was after 15 days of vaccination. The massive global program of sars cov2 vaccine provoked a surge of neurological complications, including GBS cases,a phenomenon well described in literature.However, this association is rare and the vaccination remains the most effective method of COVID-19 prevention.

Palavras Chave

COVID-19 VACCINATION, GUILLAIN-BARRÉ SYNDROME