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Título

DETERMINANT VARIABLES OF THE ABSENCE OF VERBAL LANGUAGE IN PATIENTS WITH AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDER

Resumo

INTRODUCTION: Autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological disorder caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. The individual presents atypical evolution in developmental milestones, behavioral changes and difficulty in communication and social interaction. Thus, it is noticeable, with about 5% to 50% of cases, that the first skill to present delay is language, becoming a predictor of ASD. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the determinant variables for the absence of verbal language at 3 years of age, and to describe their neuropsychomotor development. METHODOLOGY: This is a documentary, observational, cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive research with a quantitative approach. The following were analyzed: medical records collected in a protocol form from patients diagnosed with ASD, according to the DSM-V criteria, from a specialized institution in Teresina-PI, in the period between 2014 and 2019, after approval by the local Research Ethics Committee (CEP). The demographic variables used were age and gender, the clinical variables were neo and perinatal antecedents, neuropsychomotor developmental milestones, associated neuropsychiatric pathologies and disorders, and medications in use. The Denver Scale was used to assess neuropsychomotor milestones, data was organized using Microsoft® Office Excel, and statistical analysis using the Biostatic 5.0. RESULTS: In the present study, 90 medical records of patients diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) were analyzed, with a mean age of 11.65 years, of which 20 (22.22%) were female, while 70 (77, 78%) were male. It was possible to verify in this analysis, in isolation, that the delay in verbal language was more prevalent in those who were born by cesarean section (p= 0.00018). CONCLUSION: The determining variable for the absence of verbal language in patients with ASD at 3 years of age was the mode of delivery, especially when correlated alone, demonstrating a greater tendency to language delay in those who were born by cesarean section, even in the absence of complications.