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Título

NEUROLOGICAL AFFECTS IN THE PEDIATRIC POPULATION INFECTED BY SARS-COV-2 IN MARANHÃO.

Resumo

Introduction: In 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus was identified. It is important to conduct studies reporting the behavior of this virus in Maranhão in the pediatric population since the epidemiological profile may be different from the rest of the world. Objective: To delineate the clinical epidemiological profile of neonates, children and adolescents infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the state of Maranhão. Materials and methods: This research was approved with CEP 4.315.245. It constitutes a cross-sectional observational study from March 2020 to August 2021. Secondary data from neonates, children and adolescents affected by SARS-CoV-2 in Maranhão were used. The analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. 260 data were collected, 99 with incomplete information were excluded and 161 were selected for analysis. Results: Regarding neurological involvement, 82.61% (n=133) did not present and 17.39% (n=28) expressed some of the analyzed types. Neurological involvement was considered as the presence of at least one: sign and symptom, neuropathy, neuroimaging, treatment, neurological coinfection. Regarding neurological signs and symptoms, 87.58% (n=141) did not and 12.42% (n=20) did. Among the signs and symptoms, 4.35% (n=7) each presented with seizure and decreased level of consciousness. In addition, 3.11% (n=5) presented with headache, 1.86% (n=3) with encephalitis and motor loss, respectively. 1.24% (n=2) presented anosmia, hypotonia and stiffening of the limbs, each. Also, 0.62% (n=1) presented hyponosmia, decreased reflexes, dysgeusia, and arreflexia, respectively. No patient presented ageusia, hypogeusia and neuralgia. Regarding neuropathy (comorbidity), 93.79% (n=151) did not and 6.21% (n=10) did. Regarding the type of neuropathy, 2.48% (n=4) had encephalopathy and epilepsy, respectively, 1.86% (n=3) cerebral palsy, 1.24% (n=2) hydrocephalus, and 0.62% (n=1) myelomeningocele. As for the type of neurological treatment, 93.79% (n=151) did not perform and 6.21 (n=10) did. In addition, 98.14% (n=158) did not have neurological coinfection and 1.86% (n=3) did. Regarding the type of neurological coinfection, 1.24% (n=2) had PVD infection and 0.62% (n=1) had meningitis and brain abscess, respectively. Regarding the use of neuroimaging, 99.38% n=160) did not perform it, with only 0.62% (n=1) performing it. Conclusion: Most patients had no neurological involvement, the most frequent being the presence of signs and symptoms.

Palavras Chave

COVID-19. Pediatrics. Infectious Disease Medicine.