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Título

Would hemifacial spasm be a motivating factor for poor sleep quality?

Resumo

INTRODUCTION: Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a movement disorder characterized by clonic spasms, rarely tonic, involving the muscles of facial mimicry, especially the orbicularis of the eye and mouth of one of the hemifaces, with episodes of blinking, eye closure and involuntary contractions of the mouth. HFS usually causes great aesthetic and functional discomfort in the affected muscles, compromising quality of life and mood. Sleep is a biological function in the maintenance of quality of life, and the existence of sleep complaints in patients with HFS and possible correlations between these disorders motivated this study. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of individuals with HFS; to assess sleep quality, insomnia symptoms and/or mood changes in these patients; to relate possible associations between the variables and sleep impairment. METHODS: Observational cross-sectional study that analyzed demographic variables, mood, sleep quality, presence and severity of insomnia symptoms in patients with HFS, followed up at the university center in northeastern Brazil, using questionnaires. The validated instruments were applied: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Insomnia Severity Index (IGI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) to assess mood (depression and/or anxiety). Statistical analysis evaluated the association between the variables and sleep (chi-square test). RESULTS: 29 patients participated in the study, 21 women (72.4%) and 8 men (27.6%), aged between 46 and 82 years (mean 63.76). 86% of the sample (20 women and 5 men) had poor sleep quality by the PSQI, and 58.6% (16 women and 1 man) had insomnia by the IGI. Mood disorder (depression and/or anxiety) in 58.6% (15 women and 2 men). Statistical analysis revealed a significant association between sleep and the following variables: sex, age group, BMI and mood disorder. HFS duration, only showed statistical significance, on the IGI scale. The only factor that did not show statistical significance was the interval of botulinum toxin application. CONCLUSIONS: The study showed that patients with hemifacial spasm have a higher risk of impaired quality of life. Among all non-motor aspects, this study showed the prevalence of sleep disorder among patients with HFS, and so, places this disease as an additional risk in sleep impairment, but not isolated.

Palavras Chave

Hemifacial Spasm ; Movement Disorders ; Sleep Wake Disorders