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Título

MONOCLONAL ANTI-CGRP ANTIBODIES AS A TREATMENT FOR MIGRAINE

Resumo

Introduction: Migraine is a highly debilitating pathology capable of causing a loss of ability to work and social life. However, only about 15% of patients who need prophylactic follow-up do so properly, the vast majority due to absence/efficacy or as a result of the secondary effects of the prescribed medications. In recent years, the development of a new family of drugs, anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) monoclonal antibodies, paves the way for more effective treatment of migraine migraines. This drug is based on blocking the CGRP pathway of action, which tends to have its levels increased during crises. Objective: To systematically evaluate advances in the treatment of migraine based on the use of monoclonal antibodies related to the anti-calcitonin gene. Methodology: This is a systematic literature review based on data extraction in indexes such as PUBMED and MEDLINE. Publications between 2018 and 2022, in English and with the following descriptors: CGRP, monoclonal antibodies and Migraine, were considered. Results: CGRP is a neuropeptide synthesized at multiple sites in the central and peripheral nervous system and its role was noted from the observation of its elevation during moments of crises and also in the induction of crises in patients who underwent amino acid injection. The evaluation of CGRP inhibition has emerged as an effective method of treating migraine and studies have shown a significant reduction in the number of attacks in patients who used medication. Thus, the primary goals of the treatments with monoclonal antibodies were significantly achieved, since the patients pointed to a reduction in the number of attacks in the month. Conclusion: Treatment with anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies appears as a positive aspect in the treatment of migraine attacks and of course there are still some barriers to be faced, such as the high cost and the lack of research on long-term treatment or relapses. However, this new line of research managed to guarantee significant results in the treatment with a reduction in the number of seizures per month in the vast majority of patients and thus allowed an improvement in the quality of their personal and social life.

Palavras Chave

Keywords: Migraine. CGRP Migraine. monoclonal antibodies