Dados do Trabalho

Título

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PARKINSON'S DISEASE AND DEMENTIA IN A CITY IN THE INTERIOR OF MINAS GERAIS

Resumo

Introduction: Parkinson's Disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the general population, after Alzheimer's Disease (AD), with Parkinson's Disease Dementia (PDD) being a well-established complication of PD. About 25 to 30% of patients with PD develop PDD, and the incidence of dementia in patients with PD is about six times higher when compared to the general population, which is cumulative with advancing age. Objective: To quantitatively correlate dementia as a complication of Parkinson's disease in a city in the countryside area of Minas Gerais, in addition to describing the clinical-epidemiological profile of these patients. Method: Descriptive, cross-sectional, documentary study, which used secondary data collected from 56 medical records of patients diagnosed with PD from two general neurology outpatient clinics in Alfenas and who underwent consultation during the years 2020 and 2021. Results: Of the 56 medical records reviewed, 31 had some degree of dementia on clinical examination, but 14 patients were excluded from the study because they did not meet the criteria for diagnosing PDD or had other clinical entities besides PD that could justify dementia. Therefore, of the 42 patients selected, 17 had dementia with probable cause of PD (40.48%). Furthermore, of these 42 patients, 25 were men and 17 women. Of the 17 patients with PDD, the mean age was 70.86 years, with a mean time of diagnosis of PD of 5.14 years, 9 were women and 8 men; of the 25 who did not have dementia, the mean age was 67.32 years, with a mean time of diagnosis of PD of 4.25 years, with 8 females and 17 males. Of the motor signs and symptoms, some degree of bradykinesia was observed in 42, plastic rigidity in 40, postural instability in 32, tremor at rest in 30, and difficulty in swallowing in 10 patients. Other frequent diagnoses in these patients were: arterial hypertension in 22, insomnia in 17, depressive disorder in 13, hypothyroidism and REM sleep behavior disorder in 12, anxiety disorder, hallucinations and excessive daytime sleepiness in 9, diabetes in 7, heart disease in 6 and arrhythmia in 4. Conclusion: The proportion of patients with PPD found in this study (40.48%) is in line with the global average. Resting tremor is the motor symptom that best responds to pharmacological therapy, and difficulty in swallowing is common in these patients.

Palavras Chave

Dementia, Parkinson, Neurology

Área

Neuroepidemiologia