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Título

Effects of the Mozart's Sonata K448 on the extinction of aversive memory

Resumo

Introduction: Memory is the ability to acquire, to store and to recall information. Memory can be classified as short-term and long-term memory. It is known that music has an effect on almost the entire brain and its neural subsystems. In addition, it seems to play a crucial role in the treatment of phobias and post-traumatic stress disorder. There is evidence of positive effects of Mozart's Sonata K448 on short-term memory. However, little is known about the effect of memory extinction to the environment. Objective: To investigate the influence of Mozart's Sonata K448 in the extinction of the aversive memory. Methods: Twenty mice were used, divided into three groups: G1: Mozart (n=5), G2: Ambience(n=8) and G3: Control (n=7). Only the G1 group was exposed to music from intrauterine life onwards, from 9:00 pm to 7:00 am. From days 50 to 54, the animals were submitted to Habituation. On the 55th day, the Aversive Training was performed only with G1 and G2 groups. On the 56th day, the Extinction Test started and was repeated for 12 consecutive days for the three groups. On the 81st day, all groups were submitted to the Recall Test. The tests were recorded for analysis. The Extinction Test and the Recall Test were analyzed by the repeated measures ANOVA and one-way ANOVA tests respectively, with values of p≤0.05 being considered significant. Results: The Mozart group had higher freezing time in the Extinction Test when compared to the other groups (p<0.05), especially on the first 3 days. In addition, the decrease in freezing time was greater for the Mozart group in relation to the other groups (p<0.05). Finally, the Mozart group showed a significant increase in freezing time compared to the other two groups in the Recall Test. Conclusion: Mice submitted to Mozart's Sonata K448 during pregnancy had a longer freezing time at the beginning of the Extinction tests, with a decrease in this freezing time over the days. Therefore, music seems to play a positive effect on short-term memory as well as on the extinction of aversive memory, since it causes this memory to be more rapidly extinguished.