Dados do Trabalho

Título

The Effectiveness of the Neuromodulation Technique Use in Brazilian Hospitals: A Systematic Review.

Resumo

Introduction: The effectiveness of the neuromodulation technique leaves doubts that prevent its proper use. The process consists of the use of stimuli, such as electrical or chemical, to trigger the central or peripheral nervous system, improving its function in the human body. Having its first reports only in the 20th century, the technique is recent, and for this reason its effectiveness is discussed by many in the scientific community, making it of little use in brazilian hospitals.
Objective: To clarify the effectiveness of the Neuromodulation Technique in the human body through its use and results in Brazilian hospitals.
Methods: This systematic review used scientific articles containing the keywords: "Neuromodulation" and "Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation". The search was made in the databases: PubMed, MedLine and ScienceDirect, in the month of May 2022. The review had, as inclusion criteria, publications in the last 5 years, in Portuguese and English, that directly addressed the theme. Articles with foreign analyses, articles with no direct relation to the theme, and systematic reviews were excluded. Case reports and randomized clinical trials were evaluated, with their results being analyzed to determine the effectiveness of the technique.
Results: 20 references met the criteria of this search. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) showed potential for improvement in cognitive functions and in reducing symptoms such as depression, although research is needed on customized TENS protocols. Preliminarily, TENS was shown to be safe, even during pregnancy; however, in the case of treatments such as laryngeal diadochokinesis, the technique showed inefficiency.
Conclusion: Neuromodulation shows efficiency in pathological treatment and in the promotion of natural characteristics such as vocal variety. It is noted, however, that in cases such as the treatment of laryngeal diadochokinesis, the use of the technique has not shown efficiency, and traditional treatment is preferable. Neuromodulation is a favorable option for several situations, but not all, being necessary to evaluate what is the expected result and its comparison with the result of classical treatments. Considering the low amount of studies in the area, new researches should be done to prove the efficacy of the neurological technique according to the sought result.