Dados do Trabalho

Título

RISK FACTORS, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH COLON AND RECTUM CANCER: A SINGLE-CENTER RETROSPECTIVE STUDY.

Introdução

Colon and rectum cancer (CRC) is presented by tumors that affect the regions of the large intestine and rectum, having as its main characteristic its origin through the appearance of adenomatous polyps. As there is exposure to risk factors, there is a proportional increase in the CRC index. Among the risk factors, obesity is a worrying factor due to its great impact on global health, as there is an arduous growth with the progression of industrialization and urbanization. Thus, it is estimated that the best form of prevention is weight maintenance, physical exercise and, especially, healthy eating.

Objetivo

This is a retrospective study with an analysis of medical records of patients with colorectal cancer in a high complexity hospital that serves 45 municipalities in the DRS XI of the state of São Paulo, in order to verify the obesity rates and associate them with demographic characteristics and patient history.

Método

Descriptive statistics was the means to report data collection using frequency with proportion (categorical data), mean with standard deviation (normal data). Multivariate regression was used to investigate the influence of BMI on metastasis development and treatment mode. A p-value < 0.05 was considered to determine statistical significance in the multivariate model. The study population is formed from a sample number of patients with a confirmed diagnosis between 2014 and 2020 at the regional hospital from Presidente Prudente-SP.

Resultado

213 medical records were analyzed, in which the mean age was 60.7 years ( 13.8), with a predominance of females (52.6%). It is evident that 57.2% of patients are overweight or have some type of obesity, including the most severe. 83.1% of the treatment took place with surgery and/or adjacent chemotherapy and 24.9% of these patients progressed to metastasis. Through the multivariate linear regression model, it was not possible to verify the relationship between the patients' BMI and the development of metastasis or relationship with the type of treatment that was performed.

Conclusão

The research concludes the higher prevalence of this pathology in females, exposing obesity as an important predisposing factor for the development of colon and rectum cancer, but further studies are needed in order to verify possible correlations that can help in diagnosis and treatment.

Palavras-chave

keywords: Colorectal neoplasms; Obesity; Risk factors.