Dados do Trabalho

Título

FAMILY HISTORY FOR HEREDITARY NEOPLASTIC SYNDROMES SCREENING IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Introdução

Introduction: Hereditary predisposition to cancers exhibits an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance and occurs in individuals with germline mutations that often have high penetrance, making them more susceptible to developing certain Hereditary Neoplastic Syndromes (HNS). Thus, screening HNS through family history (FH) can be an important low-cost tool for implementation in Primary Health Care (PHC).

Objetivo

Objective: To identify and critically evaluate scientific evidence to estimate the impact of using FH as a genomic technology for screening HNS at PHC.

Método

Methodology: Systematic review guided by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-PRISMA, registered in the PROSPERO/NHS: CRD42020166211. The search was performed in 4 databases: MEDLINE/PubMed, CENTRAL Cochrane, Web of Science and LILACS from inception up to December 30, 2020. The following tools to assess the risk-of-bias of the included studies were used: ARHQ for cross-sectional studies, CASP for case-control study, NOS for cohort studies and MINORS for non-randomized clinical trial studies.

Resultado

Results: Initially we have identified 2,410 studies which eight studies met all inclusion criteria and were selected using the Rayyan application. We verified that different instruments to access the FH of cancer are being used, including from simple self-administered questionnaires, and software for processing the data collected and tested as an intervention in PHC. Eight different tools with the objective of collecting and/or evaluating the personal or family history of cancer, all being implemented in health services in PHC in three different countries (United States, Brazil and Sweden). In general, most studies had conclusive results regarding the benefit of instruments based on family history collection. The main NHS addressed in the studies were, HBOC, HNPCC, Li-Fraumeni Syndrome and Cowden Syndrome. In general, most studies had conclusive results regarding the benefit of instruments based on FH collection.

Conclusão

Conclusion: Considering the effectiveness of the tools used in the studies gathered here, it can be concluded that the use of instruments based on personal and family history for screening for SNH is an effective intervention, focusing on the prevention of hereditary cancers in PHC. In summary, FH is as a non-invasive and low-cost genomic technology, and can be considered a potential strategy for screening HNS at PHC.

Palavras-chave

Keywords: Family History. Hereditary cancer. Primary Health Care.