Dados do Trabalho

Título

IMMUNOTHERAPY ADVANCES BASED ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF VACCINE AS PROMISING TREATMENT AGAINST OVARY CANCER

Introdução

Ovarian neoplasia is the second most common gynecological cancer and the most lethal in women. Thus, cases of refractoriness to conventional treatments, such as chemotherapy, are evident in a significant number of patients. In this sense, the advent of immunotherapy based on the use of cancer vaccines has shown promising anti-tumor cellular responses.

Objetivo

To evaluate the biological responses related to the induction of antitumor immunity through the use of neoantigen-based oncological vaccines.

Método

An integrative literature review was carried out in the PubMed database. The descriptors “Immunotherapy”, “Cancer Vaccine” and “Ovary Cancer” were crossed using the Boolean AND operator. Finally, 7 articles from the last year and in English were selected, being the inclusion criteria the availability in full and relevance to the topic.

Resultado

The use of vaccines based on neoantigens, such as whole tumor cells carried by dendritic cells, as well as CD11b+ monocytes from ascites and Epithelial Mucin 1 (MUC1) have the potential to increase the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, such as INF-γ, and of chemokines that induce the recruitment and proliferation of effector T cells. Furthermore, the combination of dendritic cell-based vaccines with other approved therapies (PD-1 / PD-L1, PARPi and chemotherapy) may show better therapeutic efficacy and consequent tumor destruction, without major toxicities. Furthermore, the association of Toll-type receptor agonists, TLR4 and TLR9, in the presence of inhibitors of IL-10 receptors enables a broad effectiveness of the anti-tumor vaccine against ovarian cancer due to immunosuppression of the tumor microenvironment, in order to improve the survival and attenuate the progression of the neoplasm.

Conclusão

The isolated or combined use of vaccines in the treatment of ovarian cancer proved to be a promising therapy to increase antitumor immunogenicity. Finally, further studies must be carried out in order to obtain more effective results regarding the selection of antigens and other cell types, as well as the monitoring of immune responses in the tumor microenvironment.

Palavras-chave

Neoantigens; Vaccines; Ovarian Neoplasm.

Área

Oncologia - Tumores Ginecológicos