XXII Congresso Brasileiro de Oncologia Clínica

Dados do Trabalho


Título

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF LUNG CANCER AMONG GENERAL POPULATION IN BRAZIL DURING THE PERIOD FROM 2015 TO 2019

Introdução

Lung cancer increased rapidly and is currently one of the most prevalent cancers in Brazil and in the world, with a high mortality rate. In fact, lung cancer is the leading cause of death from cancer worldwide, it is responsible for 18.4% of all cancer deaths. Only 15% of the patients with lung cancer are still alive 5 years after diagnosis, because approximately 70% of those have advanced disease at the time of diagnosis, as population-based screening programs for this kind of cancer do not exist. Several clinical trials have reported that low-dose computed tomography screening can reduce lung cancer mortality by 20% but it has still not been mandatory. Genetic and environmental factors are involved in the pathogenesis, smoking persists as the primary trigger for most cases.

Objetivo

This study aimed to evaluate and characterize the deaths of patients who were affected by malignant neoplasms of lungs in Brazil, in the period from 2015 to 2019.

Método

The data was obtained from the Mortality Information System (SIM) of the Brazilian Ministry of Health. The variables analyzed were sex; age group; race; marital status; education; total number of deaths during the period and year of occurrence.

Resultado

It was found that there were 139,773 deaths in Brazil due to lung cancer from 2015 to 2019. The highest rate of deaths occurred in 2019, which corresponded to 21% of the records. Regarding the age range of deaths, it is possible to notice a progressive increase in rates as age increases, with patients aged 0 to 29 years accounting for 0.4% of deaths, aged 30 to 59 years representing 21.7% and those aged over 60 years correspond to 77.8% of patients. Concerning race, there is greater involvement in white (60.7%) and brown (29%) individuals. Related to gender, there is a greater involvement in males, which corresponds to 57.7% of deaths. As for the marital status of patients at the time of death, 16.6% were single and 45.5% married. Moreover, regarding education, it is noted that 36.6% of the individuals have never been to school or been for less than 3 years, 38.3% between 4 and 11 years and 8.1% for 12 years or more.

Conclusão

In view of the findings, it is highly necessary to implement public policies in order to prevent and control smoking through educational and preventive actions. In addition, public screening policies for early detection are very important too, with the aim of increasing the life perspective of patients after diagnosis and reducing the number of deaths.

Palavras-chave

Epidemiology; Lung Neoplams; Public Health.

Área

Oncologia - Tumores torácicos

Autores

CAMILA MELO DE FREITAS, ANDRÉ VIEIRA, CAMILLA LEITE FERNANDES DE ANDRADE, LETÍCIA JACON VICENTE, ALMIR GABRIEL DA ANUNCIAÇÃO PASSOS, RAMON SOUZA MOREIRA, ÉDRIA PIMENTEL ANDRADE