Dados do Trabalho

Título

INFLUENCE OF CLINICAL AND ANATOMOPATHOLOGICAL FACTORS ON THE SURVIVAL OF PATIENTS WITH CUTANEOUS MELANOMA TREATED IN THE WESTERN REGION OF SANTA CATARINA.

Introdução

Melanoma is a skin cancer that, despite being the least frequent, has the highest mortality and morbidity rate. There are several factors that influence the survival of affected patients and are related to the characteristics of the population studied.

Objetivo

Analyze the main factors that influence the survival rate of patients with cutaneous melanoma diagnosed in the state region of Western of Santa Catarina.

Método

This is an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study carried out with data from patients with cutaneous melanoma, treated by the public service of reference in oncology in Western Santa Catarina during the period of January 2002 to December 2016. Diagnoses of ocular, visceral and mucosal melanoma were excluded. For survival analysis, the Kaplan-Meier and the Cox regression statistical tests were used. The study was approved by the local Research Ethics Committee (CAAE no. 60868716.0.0000.0116).

Resultado

Data from 1,146 patients with cutaneous melanoma were included. There was a predominance of people with phototypes I and II of the Fitzpatrick Classification (98%); the mean age was 52 years, ranging from 14 to 95 years of age (SD=+14.6 for males and +15 for females); the highest prevalence occurred in patients aged 65 years or over (78.4%). Among the total number of patients, histopathological data were available in registries of 1,100 patients, the majority with invasive cutaneous melanoma (78.5%), followed by cutaneous melanoma in situ (14.5%) and cutaneous melanoma for the skin (3%). Survival data were available from registries of 975 patients, who had a 10-year overall survival of 89% (CI: 87.7% - 91.5%); females and males presented, respectively, survival of 94.5% (CI: 92.7% - 96.4%) and 82.6% (CI: 78.9% - 86.3%) (p<0.01). Regarding stage at the moment of diagnosis, patients with cutaneous melanoma in situ (stage 0) had a 100% survival rate, stage I, 99.5%; stage II, 90%; stage III, 72.4% and stage IV, 51.8% (p<0.01). There were 418 patients who underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy, where those who had lymph node metastasis, presented a survival rate of 76.8%, and those who presented metastasis-free lymph nodes, presented a survival rate of 97.1% (p<0.01).

Conclusão

It was observed that female gender, early stages and not metastases to sentinel lymph nodes, were factors related to better survival in the study population.

Palavras-chave

melanoma; survival; epidemiology.